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Electrophysiology of a New Musical System

The previous chapters have
shown conclusive behavioral evidence for the human ability to
learn the new musical system. In order to further characterize
this learning ability, this chapter moves beyond behavior and
into an investigation of neural mechanisms employed in the
learning of new music. By studying the temporal and spectral

Book page

Conclusion

Discussion

In a series of behavioral and
electrophysiological experiments, this dissertation has shown
that humans can rapidly learn a new musical system. The
knowledge acquired from exposure includes rote memory for
individual items, grammatical rules for large sets of items,
and sensitivity to the frequency structure underlying the

Book page

Appendix

1. Partial Correlations

In all
behavioural experiments reported in this dissertation, probe
tone ratings were initially correlated with the overall
exposure frequencies of each pitch. This results in a
correlation strength r for each participant's ratings
before and after exposure. While the value of r was

Book page

Using AudioSculpt

1. open AudioSculpt
2. open your file
3. do a Sonagram Analysis
4. do a Fundamental Frequency Analysis (only if the sound is harmonic)
5. do a Partial Tracking Analysis
6. File: Save Analysis As... -> Save Partial Tracking As...

Notes:

Book page

Debugging

There are many ways to debug code:

- In circuit debugger: Use the ICSD/ICSP port, a debugger, and the appropriate host software. Lets you step through, watch memory, set breakpoints. This probably does not work well when the USB module is enabled, since its operations are time-sensitive.

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General Information

# Startup

On platforms with an on-board status LED, the LED will be lit or blinking when the device first initializes. The light will turn off when the user opens the device and begins communication. From this point onward the status lights are under user control.

# Pin Configuration

Book page

Floor Protector and Force Sensing Resistor (FSR)

[inline-left:Figure1.jpg]

The foot/switch interface is provided by a soft but “grippy”
toroidal ring of molded rubber embedded in a hard PVC disk.
These disks are sold as “floor protectors” for furniture. A flat
ring of polyurethane foam with a peel-off adhesive is on the
opposite face of the disk. This foam provides the restoring force

Book page

Floor Protector and Piezoresistive Fabric

[inline-left:Figure2a.jpg]
This pressure sensor use a printed circuit board (PCB)
containing dozens of adjacent conducting strips and a patch of
piezoresistive fabric made by EEonyx (http://eeonyx.com). The
measuring principle is basically that of the FSR except we have
exchanged the position of the conducting elements and
piezoresistor with respect to the foot.

Book page

Half-round, Piezoresistive Fabric, Conductive Heatshrink and Copper Tape

[inline-left:Figure4.jpg]The previous designs are limited by the sizes of floor protecting
disks available. This construction is free
of these size constraints.

A half-round wooden strip is cut to the desired length and two
separate strips of copper tape are employed on the flat length
and the curve. A strip of piezoresistive fabric is trapped and

Book page

E-field (Capacitive) Sensing Foot Switch

The previous examples use the same physical sensing
principle: gesture modulating current flow. Capacitive or e-field
proximity sensing is an interesting alternative principle to apply
for rapid prototyping. Only one conductor is needed and more
flexibility about where the conductor is placed is available. It
can be under glass, plastic or wood or other non-conducting
material.

Book page

Position Sensing Trip and Rubber Door Threshhold

To create multiple foot switches we can simply tile out arrays
of the previously described devices. There is a better, faster
way with the additional convenience that the switch functions
are built into a single strip that is constructed quickly in a few
steps. Instead of employing the principal of piezoresistivity
change we employ a printed-resistor position-sensing strip such

Book page

Building Foot-Switches with Fiber, Fabric and Other Malleable Materials

A simple gestural controller indeed, but the humble footswitch finds
wide use in technology-based musical performance contexts
because the performer’s hands are usually actively engaged
playing an instrument.

The traditional approach is to mount a
heavy-duty mechanical switch into a solid metal box. These
“stomp boxes” are standard tools of the electric guitarist. As a

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